There are many types of electrical insulation in use today, with each having unique physical and chemical properties. Most common insulation materials used in electrical cables are made from plastic-polymer-based compounds. Ever wondered why bare conductors used in high voltage transmission systems do not have any insulation? The answer: air is natural insulation between phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground given sufficient distance for the corresponding voltages. There is also insulation in a gaseous state such as the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Refer to: Sulfur hexafluoride – Wikipedia. It has a much higher dielectric strength than air and is used in high voltage circuit breakers and switch gears.

 

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